{"product_id":"guyton-and-hall-textbook-of-medical-physiology","title":"Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 15th","description":"\u003cdiv data-cel-widget=\"bookDescription_feature_div\" data-csa-c-id=\"7y9w7h-rgk3d4-2xixgp-6jetc1\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-asin=\"0993745598\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"bookDescription_feature_div\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"bookDescription\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-feature-name=\"bookDescription\" class=\"celwidget\" id=\"bookDescription_feature_div\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-collapsed-height a-row a-expander-container a-spacing-base a-expander-partial-collapse-container\" data-a-expander-collapsed-height=\"280\" data-a-expander-name=\"book_description_expander\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-expander-content a-expander-partial-collapse-content\" aria-expanded=\"false\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"bookDescription_feature_div\" class=\"celwidget\" data-feature-name=\"bookDescription\" data-csa-c-type=\"widget\" data-csa-c-content-id=\"bookDescription\" data-csa-c-slot-id=\"bookDescription_feature_div\" data-csa-c-asin=\"052173648X\" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row=\"false\" data-csa-c-id=\"d89ima-g32k3-dt8on3-pksk48\" data-cel-widget=\"bookDescription_feature_div\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-a-expander-name=\"book_description_expander\" data-a-expander-collapsed-height=\"280\" class=\"a-expander-collapsed-height a-row a-expander-container a-spacing-base a-expander-partial-collapse-container\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv data-expanded=\"false\" class=\"a-expander-content a-expander-partial-collapse-content\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"acc-description\" class=\"accordion-item\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv aria-labelledby=\"flush-headingTwo\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse show\" id=\"flush-collapseTwo\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"accordion-body description\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e **Selected for 2025 Doody’s Core Titles® with \"Essential Purchase\" designation in Physiology**\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA favorite text of physiology students worldwide, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology delivers the complex knowledge you need to master in a distinctive, easy-to-digest format. The fifteenth Edition of this bestselling text is fully up to date and provides clear, comprehensive coverage of the content most relevant to clinical and pre-clinical students. The unique format ensures maximum learning and retention of complex concepts: a larger font size emphasizes core information, while supporting information is detailed in a smaller font and highlighted in pale blue—making it easy to quickly skim the essential text or pursue more in-depth study.\u003cbr\u003eKey Features\u003cbr\u003eFocuses on core material and how the body maintains homeostasis to remain healthy, emphasizing the important principles that will aid in later clinical decision making\u003cbr\u003eContains new information on physiology and the gut microbiome and clinically important sex differences in physiology lab values\u003cbr\u003ePresents information in short chapters using a concise, readable voice that facilitates learning and retention\u003cbr\u003eUtilizes two font sizes: a larger font for fundamentals, and a smaller font that highlights relevant integrated sciences, clinical examples, pathophysiology, or detailed mechanisms that students can read as needed\u003cbr\u003eContains more than 1,200 full-color drawings and diagrams—all carefully crafted to make physiology easier to understand\u003cbr\u003eIncludes online access to heart sounds, animations, self-assessment questions, and more\u003cbr\u003eAn eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text and figures, with the ability to search, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud\u003cbr\u003eAbout the author\u003cbr\u003eBy John E. Hall, PhD, Arther C. Guyton Professor and Chair Department of Physiology and Biophysics Director, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research Director, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi, USA and Michael E. Hall, MD, MSc., Chair and Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Physiology and Biophysics Patrick H. Lehan Chair of Cardiovascular Diseases Director of Clinical and Population Studies, Mississippi Center for Clinical and Translational Research University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, Mississippi\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable of Contents\u003cbr\u003eUNIT I: Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology\u003cbr\u003e1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Internal Environment”\u003cbr\u003eCells Are the Living Units of the Body\u003cbr\u003eExtracellular Fluid—The “Internal Environment”\u003cbr\u003eHomeostasis—Maintenance of a Stable Internal Environment\u003cbr\u003eControl Systems of the Body\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Variability\u003cbr\u003e2. The Cell and Its Functions\u003cbr\u003eOrganization of the Cell\u003cbr\u003eCell Structure\u003cbr\u003eFunctional Systems of the Cell\u003cbr\u003eLocomotion of Cells\u003cbr\u003e3. Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction\u003cbr\u003eCell Nucleus Genes Control Protein Synthesis\u003cbr\u003eTranscription—Transfer of Cell Nucleus DNA Code to Cytoplasm RNA Code\u003cbr\u003eTranslation—Formation of Proteins on the Ribosomes\u003cbr\u003eProtein Enzymes Control Synthesis of Other Substances in the Cell\u003cbr\u003eRegulation of Gene Function and Biochemical Activity in Cells\u003cbr\u003eThe DNA–Genetic System Controls Cell Reproduction\u003cbr\u003eCell Differentiation\u003cbr\u003eApoptosis—Programmed Cell Death\u003cbr\u003eCancer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT II: Membrane Physiology, Nerve, and Muscle\u003cbr\u003e4. Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes\u003cbr\u003eThe Cell Membrane Is a Lipid Bilayer With Cell Membrane Transport Proteins\u003cbr\u003eDiffusion\u003cbr\u003eActive Transport of Substances Through Membranes\u003cbr\u003e5. Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials\u003cbr\u003eBasic Physics of Membrane Potentials\u003cbr\u003eResting Membrane Potential of Neurons\u003cbr\u003eNeuron Action Potential\u003cbr\u003ePropagation of the Action Potential\u003cbr\u003eImportance of Energy Metabolism for Reestablishing Sodium and Potassium Ionic Gradients After Action Potentials Are Completed\u003cbr\u003ePlateau in Some Action Potentials\u003cbr\u003eRhythmicity of Some Excitable Tissues—Repetitive Discharge\u003cbr\u003eSpecial Characteristics of Signal Transmission in Nerve Trunks\u003cbr\u003eExcitation—The Process of Eliciting the Action Potential\u003cbr\u003e6. Contraction of Skeletal Muscle\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle\u003cbr\u003eGeneral Mechanism of Muscle Contraction\u003cbr\u003eMolecular Mechanisms of Muscle Contraction\u003cbr\u003eEnergetics of Muscle Contraction\u003cbr\u003eCharacteristics of Whole Muscle Contraction\u003cbr\u003e7. Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling\u003cbr\u003eNeuromuscular Junction and Transmission of Impulses From Nerve Endings to Skeletal Muscle Fibers\u003cbr\u003eMuscle Action Potential\u003cbr\u003eExcitation-Contraction Coupling\u003cbr\u003e8. Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle\u003cbr\u003eContraction of Smooth Muscle\u003cbr\u003eRegulation of Contraction By Calcium Ions\u003cbr\u003eNervous and Hormonal Control of Smooth Muscle Contraction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT III: The Heart\u003cbr\u003e9. Cardiac Muscle; The Heart as a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves\u003cbr\u003eCardiac Muscle Physiology\u003cbr\u003eThe Cardiac Cycle\u003cbr\u003eRegulation of Heart Pumping\u003cbr\u003e10. Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart\u003cbr\u003eSpecialized Excitatory and Conductive System of the Heart\u003cbr\u003eControl of Excitation and Conduction in the Heart\u003cbr\u003e11. Fundamentals of Electrocardiography\u003cbr\u003eWaveforms of the Normal Electrocardiogram\u003cbr\u003eFlow of Current Around the Heart During the Cardiac Cycle\u003cbr\u003eElectrocardiographic Leads\u003cbr\u003e12. Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis\u003cbr\u003eVectorial Analysis of Electrocardiograms\u003cbr\u003eVectorial Analysis of the Normal Electrocardiogram\u003cbr\u003eMean Electrical Axis of the Ventricular QRS and Its Significance\u003cbr\u003eConditions That Cause Abnormal Voltages of the QRS Complex\u003cbr\u003eProlonged and Bizarre Patterns of the QRS Complex\u003cbr\u003eCurrent of Injury on the Electrocardiogram\u003cbr\u003eAbnormalities in the T Wave\u003cbr\u003e13. Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation\u003cbr\u003eAbnormal Sinus Rhythms\u003cbr\u003eHeart Block Within the Intracardiac Conduction Pathways\u003cbr\u003ePremature Contractions\u003cbr\u003eParoxysmal Tachycardia\u003cbr\u003eVentricular Fibrillation\u003cbr\u003eAtrial Fibrillation\u003cbr\u003eAtrial Flutter\u003cbr\u003eCardiac Arrest\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT IV: The Circulation\u003cbr\u003e14. Overview of the Circulation: Pressure, Flow, and Resistance\u003cbr\u003ePhysical Characteristics of the Circulation\u003cbr\u003eBasic Principles of Circulatory Function\u003cbr\u003eInterrelationships of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance\u003cbr\u003e15. Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems\u003cbr\u003eVascular Distensibility\u003cbr\u003eArterial Pressure Pulsations\u003cbr\u003eVeins and Their Functions\u003cbr\u003e16. The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Lymph Flow\u003cbr\u003eStructure of the Microcirculation and Capillary System\u003cbr\u003eVasomotion Causes Intermittent Capillary Blood Flow\u003cbr\u003eExchange of Substances Between the Blood and Interstitial Fluid\u003cbr\u003eInterstitium and Interstitial Fluid\u003cbr\u003eFluid Filtration Across Capillaries\u003cbr\u003eLymphatic System\u003cbr\u003e17. Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow\u003cbr\u003eLocal Blood Flow Is Controlled in Response to Tissue Needs\u003cbr\u003eMechanisms of Local Blood Flow Control\u003cbr\u003eHumoral Control of the Circulation\u003cbr\u003e18. Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure\u003cbr\u003eNervous Regulation of the Circulation\u003cbr\u003eSpecial Features of Nervous Control of Arterial Pressure\u003cbr\u003e19. Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: The Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation\u003cbr\u003eRenal–Body Fluid System for Arterial Pressure Control\u003cbr\u003eRole of the Renin-Angiotensin System in Arterial Pressure Control\u003cbr\u003eSummary of Integrated Multifaceted Systems for Arterial Pressure Regulation\u003cbr\u003e20. Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation\u003cbr\u003eNormal Values for Cardiac Output at Rest and During Activity\u003cbr\u003eControl of Cardiac Output By Venous Return—Frank-Starling Mechanism of the Heart\u003cbr\u003eMethods for Measuring Cardiac Output\u003cbr\u003e21. Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; The Coronary Circulation and Ischemic Heart Disease\u003cbr\u003eBlood Flow Regulation in Skeletal Muscle at Rest and During Exercise\u003cbr\u003eCoronary Circulation\u003cbr\u003e22. Heart Failure\u003cbr\u003eCirculatory Dynamics in Heart Failure\u003cbr\u003eUnilateral Left Heart Failure\u003cbr\u003eLow-Output Cardiac Failure—Cardiogenic Shock\u003cbr\u003eEdema in Patients With Heart Failure\u003cbr\u003eCardiac Reserve\u003cbr\u003eQuantitative Graphic Analysis of Cardiac Failure\u003cbr\u003eHeart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction\u003cbr\u003eHigh-Output Heart Failure\u003cbr\u003e23. Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects\u003cbr\u003eHeart Sounds\u003cbr\u003eAbnormal Circulatory Dynamics in Valvular Heart Disease\u003cbr\u003eAbnormal Circulatory Dynamics in Congenital Heart Defects\u003cbr\u003eUse of Extracorporeal Circulation During Cardiac Surgery\u003cbr\u003eHypertrophy of the Heart in Valvular and Congenital Heart Disease\u003cbr\u003e24. Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Causes of Shock\u003cbr\u003eHypovolemic Shock Due to Hemorrhage\u003cbr\u003eDistributive Shock Is Characterized By Severe Peripheral Vasodilation\u003cbr\u003eObstructive Shock Is Usually Due to Noncardiac Causes of Reduced Cardiac Output\u003cbr\u003ePhysiology of Treatment in Shock\u003cbr\u003eCirculatory Arrest\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT V: The Body Fluids and Kidneys\u003cbr\u003e25. Regulation of Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema\u003cbr\u003eLong-Term Steady-State Fluid and Solute Balance\u003cbr\u003eBody Fluid Compartments\u003cbr\u003eConstituents of Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids\u003cbr\u003eMeasurement of Body Fluid Volume—Indicator-Dilution Principle\u003cbr\u003eFluid Exchange and Osmotic Equilibrium Between Intracellular and Extracellular Fluid\u003cbr\u003eVolume and Osmolality of Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids in Abnormal States\u003cbr\u003eGlucose and Other Solutions for Nutrition\u003cbr\u003eClinical Abnormalities of Fluid Volume Regulation: Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia\u003cbr\u003eEdema: Excess Fluid in the Tissues\u003cbr\u003eFluids in Potential Spaces of the Body\u003cbr\u003e26. The Urinary System: Functional Anatomy and Urine Formation By the Kidneys\u003cbr\u003eFunctions of the Kidneys\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Anatomy of the Kidneys\u003cbr\u003eUrine Formation Results From Glomerular Filtration, Tubular Reabsorption, and Tubular Secretion\u003cbr\u003eMicturition\u003cbr\u003e27. Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control\u003cbr\u003eGlomerular Filtration—The First Step in Urine Formation\u003cbr\u003eDeterminants of GFR\u003cbr\u003eRenal Blood Flow\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Control of GFR and Renal Blood Flow\u003cbr\u003eAutoregulation of GFR and Renal Blood Flow\u003cbr\u003e28. Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion\u003cbr\u003eTubular Reabsorption Is Quantitatively Large and Highly Selective\u003cbr\u003ePassive and Active Mechanisms of Reabsorption\u003cbr\u003eReabsorption and Secretion Along Different Parts of the Nephron\u003cbr\u003eRegulation of Tubular Reabsorption\u003cbr\u003eUse of Clearance Methods to Quantify Kidney Function\u003cbr\u003e29. Urine Concentration and Dilution; Regulation of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Concentration\u003cbr\u003eExcretion of Excess Water by Dilute Urine\u003cbr\u003eConservation of Water by Concentrated Urine\u003cbr\u003eCountercurrent Multiplier Mechanism\u003cbr\u003eControl of Extracellular Fluid Osmolarity and Sodium Concentration\u003cbr\u003e30. Renal Regulation of Potassium, Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium; Integration of Renal Mechanisms for Control of Blood Volume and Extracellular Fluid Volume\u003cbr\u003eRegulation of Internal Potassium Distribution\u003cbr\u003eRenal Potassium Excretion\u003cbr\u003eRenal Calcium Excretion and Extracellular Calcium Ion Concentration\u003cbr\u003eRenal Phosphate Excretion\u003cbr\u003eRenal Magnesium Excretion and Extracellular Magnesium Ion Concentration\u003cbr\u003eIntegration of Renal Mechanisms for Control of Extracellular Fluid and Distribution of Extracellular Fluid\u003cbr\u003eNervous and Hormonal Factors in Renal–Body Fluid Feedback Control\u003cbr\u003eResponses to Changes in Sodium Intake\u003cbr\u003eConditions Causing Large Increases in Blood and Extracellular Fluid Volume\u003cbr\u003e31. Acid–Base Regulation\u003cbr\u003eHydrogen Ion Concentration Regulation\u003cbr\u003eAcids and Bases—Definitions\u003cbr\u003eDefenses Against Changes in H+ Concentration: Buffers, Lungs, and Kidneys\u003cbr\u003eBuffering of H+\u003cbr\u003eBicarbonate Buffer System\u003cbr\u003ePhosphate Buffer System\u003cbr\u003eProteins as Intracellular Buffers\u003cbr\u003eRespiratory Regulation of Acid–Base Balance\u003cbr\u003eRenal Control of Acid–Base Balance\u003cbr\u003eSecretion and Reabsorption of H+ and HCO3− in Tubules\u003cbr\u003eGeneration of “New” HCO3− in the Tubule\u003cbr\u003eQuantification of Renal Acid–Base Excretion\u003cbr\u003eRenal Adjustment in Acidosis and Alkalosis\u003cbr\u003e32. Diuretics and Kidney Diseases\u003cbr\u003eMechanisms of Action of Diuretics\u003cbr\u003eKidney Diseases\u003cbr\u003eAcute Kidney Injury\u003cbr\u003eChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Loss of Nephrons\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT VI: Blood Cells, Immunity, and Blood Coagulation\u003cbr\u003e33. Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia\u003cbr\u003eRed Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)\u003cbr\u003eIron Metabolism\u003cbr\u003eAnemias\u003cbr\u003ePolycythemia\u003cbr\u003e34. Resistance of the Body to Infection: I. Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-Macrophage System, and Inflammation\u003cbr\u003eLeukocytes (White Blood Cells)\u003cbr\u003eNeutrophils and Macrophages Defend Against Infections\u003cbr\u003eMonocyte-Macrophage Cell System (Reticuloendothelial System)\u003cbr\u003eInflammation: Role of Neutrophils and Macrophages\u003cbr\u003eEosinophils\u003cbr\u003eBasophils\u003cbr\u003eLeukopenia\u003cbr\u003eLeukemias\u003cbr\u003e35. Resistance of the Body to Infection: II. Immunity and Allergy\u003cbr\u003eAcquired (Adaptive) Immunity\u003cbr\u003eAllergy and Hypersensitivity\u003cbr\u003eSex Differences in Innate and Adaptive Immunity\u003cbr\u003e36. Blood Types, Transfusion, and Tissue and Organ Transplantation\u003cbr\u003eAntigenicity Causes Immune Reactions of Blood\u003cbr\u003eO-A-B Blood Types\u003cbr\u003eRh Blood Types\u003cbr\u003eTransfusion Reactions Resulting From Mismatched Blood Types\u003cbr\u003eTransplantation of Tissues and Organs\u003cbr\u003eImmunological Aspects of Transplantation\u003cbr\u003e37. Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation\u003cbr\u003eHemostasis Events\u003cbr\u003eMechanism of Blood Coagulation\u003cbr\u003eConditions That Cause Excessive Bleeding in Humans\u003cbr\u003eThromboembolic Conditions\u003cbr\u003eAnticoagulants for Clinical Use\u003cbr\u003eBlood Coagulation Tests\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT VII: Respiration\u003cbr\u003e38. Pulmonary Ventilation\u003cbr\u003eMechanics of Pulmonary Ventilation\u003cbr\u003ePulmonary Volumes and Capacities\u003cbr\u003eAlveolar Ventilation\u003cbr\u003e39. Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, and Pleural Fluid\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Anatomy of the Pulmonary Circulatory System\u003cbr\u003ePressures in the Pulmonary Circulatory System\u003cbr\u003eBlood Volume of the Lungs\u003cbr\u003eBlood Flow Through the Lungs and Its Distribution\u003cbr\u003eEffect of Hydrostatic Pressure Gradients in the Lungs on Regional Pulmonary Blood Flow\u003cbr\u003ePulmonary Capillary Dynamics\u003cbr\u003eFluid in the Pleural Cavity\u003cbr\u003e40. Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through Respiratory Membranes\u003cbr\u003eCompositions of Alveolar Air and Atmospheric Air Are Different\u003cbr\u003eDiffusion of Gases Through the Respiratory Membrane\u003cbr\u003e41. Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids\u003cbr\u003eTransport of Oxygen From the Lungs to the Body Tissues\u003cbr\u003eTransport of CO2 in Blood\u003cbr\u003eRespiratory Exchange Ratio\u003cbr\u003e42. Regulation of Respiration\u003cbr\u003eRespiratory Center\u003cbr\u003eChemical Control of Respiration\u003cbr\u003ePeripheral Chemoreceptor System—Role of Oxygen in Respiratory Control\u003cbr\u003eRegulation of Respiration During Exercise\u003cbr\u003e43. Respiratory Insufficiency—Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy\u003cbr\u003eMethods for Studying Respiratory Abnormalities\u003cbr\u003ePathophysiology of Specific Pulmonary Abnormalities\u003cbr\u003eHypoxia and Oxygen Therapy\u003cbr\u003eHypercapnia—Excess Carbon Dioxide in the Body Fluids\u003cbr\u003eRespiratory Resuscitation and Mechanical Ventilators\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT VIII: Aviation, Space, and Deep-Sea Diving Physiology\u003cbr\u003e44. Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology\u003cbr\u003eEffects of Low Oxygen Pressure on the Body\u003cbr\u003e45. Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions\u003cbr\u003eEffect of High Partial Pressures of Individual Gases on the Body\u003cbr\u003eSelf-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA) Diving\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT IX: The Nervous System: A. General Principles and Sensory Physiology\u003cbr\u003e46. Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses and Neurotransmitters\u003cbr\u003eGeneral Design of the Nervous System\u003cbr\u003eMajor Levels of Central Nervous System Function\u003cbr\u003eComparison of the Nervous System to a Computer\u003cbr\u003eCentral Nervous System Synapses\u003cbr\u003eSpecial Characteristics of Synaptic Transmission\u003cbr\u003e47. Sensory Receptors and Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information\u003cbr\u003eTypes of Sensory Receptors and the Stimuli They Detect\u003cbr\u003eTransduction of Sensory Stimuli Into Nerve Impulses\u003cbr\u003eSignal Intensity Transmission in Nerve Tracts—Spatial and Temporal Summation\u003cbr\u003eTransmission and Processing of Signals in Neuronal Pools\u003cbr\u003eInstability and Stability of Neuronal Circuits\u003cbr\u003e48. Somatic Sensations: I. General Organization, Tactile and Position Senses\u003cbr\u003eClassification of Somatic Senses\u003cbr\u003eDetection and Transmission of Tactile Sensations\u003cbr\u003eSensory Pathways for Transmitting Somatic Signals Into the Central Nervous System\u003cbr\u003eTransmission in the Dorsal Column–Medial Lemniscal System\u003cbr\u003eTransmission of Sensory Signals in the Anterolateral Pathway\u003cbr\u003e49. Somatic Sensations: II. Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations\u003cbr\u003eFast Pain and Slow Pain and Their Qualities\u003cbr\u003ePain Receptors (Nociceptors) and Their Stimulation\u003cbr\u003eDual Pathways for Transmission of Pain Signals Into the Central Nervous System\u003cbr\u003ePain Suppression (Analgesia) System in the Brain and Spinal Cord\u003cbr\u003eReferred Pain\u003cbr\u003eVisceral Pain\u003cbr\u003eThermal Sensations\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT X: The Nervous System: B. The Special Senses\u003cbr\u003e50. The Eye: I. Optics of Vision\u003cbr\u003ePhysical Principles of Optics\u003cbr\u003eOptics of the Eye\u003cbr\u003eFluid System of the Eye—Intraocular Fluid\u003cbr\u003e51. The Eye: II. Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina\u003cbr\u003eAnatomy and Function of Structural Elements of the Retina\u003cbr\u003ePhotochemistry of Vision\u003cbr\u003eColor Vision\u003cbr\u003eNeural Function of the Retina\u003cbr\u003e52. The Eye: III. Central Neurophysiology of Vision\u003cbr\u003eVisual Pathways\u003cbr\u003eOrganization and Function of the Visual Cortex\u003cbr\u003eNeuronal Patterns of Stimulation During Analysis of Visual Images\u003cbr\u003eEye Movements and Their Control\u003cbr\u003eAutonomic Control of Accommodation and Pupillary Aperture\u003cbr\u003e53. The Sense of Hearing\u003cbr\u003eTympanic Membrane and the Ossicular System\u003cbr\u003eCochlea\u003cbr\u003eCentral Auditory Mechanisms\u003cbr\u003e54. The Chemical Senses—Taste and Smell\u003cbr\u003eSense of Taste\u003cbr\u003eSense of Smell\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT XI: The Nervous System: C. Motor and Integrative Neurophysiology\u003cbr\u003e55. Spinal Cord Motor Functions; The Cord Reflexes\u003cbr\u003eOrganization of the Spinal Cord for Motor Functions\u003cbr\u003eMuscle Sensory Receptors—Muscle Spindles and Golgi Tendon Organs—Their Roles in Muscle Control\u003cbr\u003eFlexor Reflex and the Withdrawal Reflexes\u003cbr\u003eCrossed Extensor Reflex\u003cbr\u003eReciprocal Inhibition and Innervation\u003cbr\u003eReflexes of Posture and Locomotion\u003cbr\u003e56. Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function\u003cbr\u003eMotor Cortex and Corticospinal Tract\u003cbr\u003eControl of Motor Functions By the Brain Stem\u003cbr\u003eVestibular Sensations and Maintenance of Equilibrium\u003cbr\u003e57. Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia Contributions to Overall Motor Control\u003cbr\u003eThe Cerebellum and Its Motor Functions\u003cbr\u003eThe Basal Ganglia and Their Motor Functions\u003cbr\u003eIntegration of the Entire Motor Control System\u003cbr\u003e58. Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual Functions of the Brain, Learning, and Memory\u003cbr\u003ePhysiological Anatomy of the Cerebral Cortex\u003cbr\u003eFunctions of Specific Cortical Areas\u003cbr\u003eThe Corpus Callosum and Anterior Commissure\u003cbr\u003eThoughts, Consciousness, and Memory\u003cbr\u003e59. The Limbic System and the Hypothalamus—Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brain\u003cbr\u003eActivating—Driving Systems of the Brain\u003cbr\u003eLimbic System\u003cbr\u003eThe Hypothalamus, a Major Control Headquarters for the Limbic System\u003cbr\u003eFunctions of Other Parts of the Limbic System\u003cbr\u003e60. States of Brain Activity—Sleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia Sleep\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT XII: Gastrointestinal Physiology\u003cbr\u003e63. General Principles of Gastrointestinal Function—Motility, Nervous and Hormonal Control, Blood Circulation, and Microbiota\u003cbr\u003eGastrointestinal Motility\u003cbr\u003eNeural Control—Enteric Nervous System\u003cbr\u003eHormonal Control\u003cbr\u003eGastrointestinal Microbiota\u003cbr\u003e64. Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract\u003cbr\u003eIngestion of Food\u003cbr\u003eStomach Movements\u003cbr\u003eSmall Intestine Movements\u003cbr\u003eColon Movements\u003cbr\u003eAutonomic Reflexes Influencing Bowel Activity\u003cbr\u003e65. Secretory Functions of the Alimentary Tract\u003cbr\u003ePrinciples of Secretion\u003cbr\u003eSaliva Secretion\u003cbr\u003eGastric Secretion\u003cbr\u003ePancreatic Secretion\u003cbr\u003eBile Secretion by the Liver\u003cbr\u003eSmall Intestine Secretion\u003cbr\u003eMucus Secretion by the Large Intestine\u003cbr\u003e66. Digestion and Absorption in the Gastrointestinal Tract\u003cbr\u003eHydrolysis of Foods\u003cbr\u003eGastrointestinal Absorption Principles\u003cbr\u003eAbsorption in the Small Intestine\u003cbr\u003eAbsorption in the Large Intestine and Feces Formation\u003cbr\u003e67. Physiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT XIII: Metabolism and Temperature Regulation\u003cbr\u003e68. Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Formation of Adenosine Triphosphate\u003cbr\u003e69. Lipid Metabolism\u003cbr\u003e70. Protein Metabolism\u003cbr\u003e71. The Liver\u003cbr\u003e72. Dietary Balances; Regulation of Feeding; Obesity and Starvation; Vitamins and Minerals\u003cbr\u003e73. Energetics and Metabolic Rate\u003cbr\u003e74.Body Temperature Regulation and Fever\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT XIV: Endocrinology and Reproduction\u003cbr\u003e75. Introduction to Endocrinology\u003cbr\u003e76. Pituitary Hormones and Their Control By the Hypothalamus\u003cbr\u003e77. Thyroid Metabolic Hormones\u003cbr\u003e78. Adrenocortical Hormones\u003cbr\u003e79. Insulin, Glucagon, and Diabetes Mellitus\u003cbr\u003e80. Parathyroid Hormone, Calcitonin, Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism, Vitamin D, Bone, and Teeth\u003cbr\u003e81. Reproductive and Hormonal Functions of the Male (and Function of the Pineal Gland)\u003cbr\u003e82. Female Physiology Before Pregnancy and Female Hormones\u003cbr\u003e83. Pregnancy and Lactation\u003cbr\u003e84. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUNIT XV: Sports Physiology\u003cbr\u003e85. Sports Physiology\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"a-section a-spacing-small a-padding-small\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cb\u003eBOOKREAD™ 5-STEP SATISFACTION GUARANTEE\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1. No Risk, 30-Day Money-Back Guarantee. \u003cbr\u003e2. instant download. 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